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This is the first modern calculus book to be organized axiomatically and to survey the subject's applicability to science and engineering. A challenging exposition of calculus in the European style, it is an excellent text for a first-year university honors course or for a third-year analysis course. The calculus is built carefully from the axioms with all the standard results deduced from these axioms. The concise construction, by design, provides maximal flexibility for the instructor and allows the student to see the overall flow of the development. At the same time, the book reveals the origins of the calculus in celestial mechanics and number theory. The book introduces many topics often left to the appendixes in standard calculus textbooks and develops their connections with physics, engineering, and statistics. The author uses applications of derivatives and integrals to show how calculus is applied in these disciplines. Solutions to all exercises (even those involving proofs) are available to instructors upon request, making this book unique among texts in the field. Focuses on single variable calculus Provides a balance of precision and intuition Offers both routine and demanding exercises
Calculus --- Accumulation point. --- Analytic function. --- Bisection, the method. --- Central limit theorem, Conditional convergence. --- Countably infinite. --- Darboux sums. --- Escape velocity. --- Extrema. --- Fluid resistance. --- Graph of a function. --- Heine-Borel lemma. --- Inertial force. --- Infinite series. --- Integrable. --- Lindelof principle. --- Linear approximation. --- Logarithm. --- Mean value theorem. --- Midpoint rule. --- Objective function. --- Observed fact. --- Osculating circle. --- Partial derivative. --- Partial fractions. --- Poisson flow. --- Ratio test. --- Reactor scram. --- Scientific method. --- Secant lines. --- Tangent lines. --- Uniformly continuous.
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Astronomers believe that a supernova is a massive explosion signaling the death of a star, causing a cosmic recycling of the chemical elements and leaving behind a pulsar, black hole, or nothing at all. In an engaging story of the life cycles of stars, Laurence Marschall tells how early astronomers identified supernovae, and how later scientists came to their current understanding, piecing together observations and historical accounts to form a theory, which was tested by intensive study of SN 1987A, the brightest supernova since 1006. He has revised and updated The Supernova Story to include all the latest developments concerning SN 1987A, which astronomers still watch for possible aftershocks, as well as SN 1993J, the spectacular new event in the cosmic laboratory.
Supernovae. --- Accretion disk. --- Allende meteorite. --- Alpertus of Mertz. --- Amateur astronomers. --- Angstrom unit. --- Babylonian records. --- Beta decay. --- Black holes. --- Cameron, Alastair G.W. --- Chaco Canyon. --- Circumstellar gas. --- Computer models. --- Degeneracy electron. --- Diamonds in meteorites. --- Dorpat Observatory. --- Duncan, John. --- Ecliptic. --- Electromagnetic radiation. --- Escape velocity. --- Exponential decay. --- Galaxies. --- Gamma rays. --- Gravitational Waves. --- Great Schism. --- Heracleides. --- Hoyle, Fred. --- Hydrogen burning. --- Infrared radiation. --- Interstellar matter. --- Jedrzejewski, Robert. --- Karovska, Margarita. --- Kepler, Johannes. --- Las Campanas Observatory. --- Light year. --- MIR X-ray telescope. --- Milky Way Galaxy. --- Mystery spot. --- Neutrino. --- Nuclear structure. --- Nucleosynthesis. --- Parallax. --- Planetariums. --- Quadrant. --- Quasars. --- Radio astronomy. --- Radio waves. --- Schmidt telescope. --- Spectra. --- Superclusters. --- Synchrotron emission. --- Technetium. --- Telescope.
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Newton's laws of motion and his universal law of gravitation described mathematically the motion of two bodies undergoing mutual gravitational attraction. However, it is impossible to solve analytically the equation of motion for three gravitationally interacting bodies. This book discusses some techniques used to obtain numerical solutions of the equations of motion for planets and satellites, which are of fundamental importance to solar-system dynamicists and to those involved in planning the orbits of artificial satellites. The first part introduces the classical two-body problem and solves it by rigorously developing the six integrals of the motion, starting from Newton's three laws of motion and his law of gravitation and then using vector algebra to develop the integrals. The various forms of the solution flow naturally from the integrals. In the second part, several modern perturbation techniques are developed and applied to cases of practical importance. For example, the perturbed two-body problem for an oblate planet or for a nonsymmetric rotating planet is considered, as is the effect of drag on a satellite. The two-body problem is regularized, and the nonlinear differential equation is thereby transformed to a linear one by further embedding several of the integrals. Finally, a brief sketch of numerical methods is given, as the perturbation equations must be solved by numerical rather than by analytical methods.
Astrodynamics. --- Apollo program. --- Bate, R. --- Brahe, Tycho. --- Delaunay elements. --- Earth-Moon system. --- Greenwich Meridian. --- Hamiltonian Mechanics. --- Julian date. --- Kepler's equation. --- Kepler's laws. --- Kepler, Johannes. --- LVLH plane. --- Legendre polynomials. --- Lyapunov stability. --- Mathematica. --- abort problem. --- absolute origin. --- angular velocity, Earth. --- center of mass. --- column vector. --- computer arithmetic. --- conic section equation. --- conservative potential. --- contact acceleration. --- direct orbit. --- direction cosines. --- dissipative acceleration. --- dot product. --- embedding. --- entry interface. --- escape velocity. --- first-order system. --- fixed origin. --- fundamental plane. --- geocentric coordinate system. --- geopotential. --- harmonic oscillator. --- hyperbolic functions. --- hyperbolic motion. --- inertial frame. --- infinite series. --- integrable system. --- irregular planet. --- linearization. --- moments of inertia. --- near-circular orbit. --- nonhomogeneous mass. --- numerical solution. --- oblateness term. --- orthogonal system. --- perturbed system. --- perturbed two-body motion.
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Dive into a mind-bending exploration of the physics of black holesBlack holes, predicted by Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity more than a century ago, have long intrigued scientists and the public with their bizarre and fantastical properties. Although Einstein understood that black holes were mathematical solutions to his equations, he never accepted their physical reality-a viewpoint many shared. This all changed in the 1960s and 1970s, when a deeper conceptual understanding of black holes developed just as new observations revealed the existence of quasars and X-ray binary star systems, whose mysterious properties could be explained by the presence of black holes. Black holes have since been the subject of intense research-and the physics governing how they behave and affect their surroundings is stranger and more mind-bending than any fiction.After introducing the basics of the special and general theories of relativity, this book describes black holes both as astrophysical objects and theoretical "laboratories" in which physicists can test their understanding of gravitational, quantum, and thermal physics. From Schwarzschild black holes to rotating and colliding black holes, and from gravitational radiation to Hawking radiation and information loss, Steven Gubser and Frans Pretorius use creative thought experiments and analogies to explain their subject accessibly. They also describe the decades-long quest to observe the universe in gravitational waves, which recently resulted in the LIGO observatories' detection of the distinctive gravitational wave "chirp" of two colliding black holes-the first direct observation of black holes' existence.The Little Book of Black Holes takes readers deep into the mysterious heart of the subject, offering rare clarity of insight into the physics that makes black holes simple yet destructive manifestations of geometric destiny.
Black holes (Astronomy) --- Frozen stars --- Compact objects (Astronomy) --- Gravitational collapse --- Stars --- A-frame. --- Acceleration. --- Accretion disk. --- Alice and Bob. --- Angular momentum. --- Astronomer. --- Atomic nucleus. --- Binary black hole. --- Binary star. --- Black hole information paradox. --- Black hole thermodynamics. --- Black hole. --- Calculation. --- Circular orbit. --- Classical mechanics. --- Closed timelike curve. --- Cosmological constant. --- Curvature. --- Cygnus X-1. --- Degenerate matter. --- Differential equation. --- Differential geometry. --- Doppler effect. --- Earth. --- Einstein field equations. --- Electric charge. --- Electric field. --- Electromagnetism. --- Ergosphere. --- Escape velocity. --- Event horizon. --- Excitation (magnetic). --- Frame-dragging. --- Galactic Center. --- General relativity. --- Gravitational acceleration. --- Gravitational collapse. --- Gravitational constant. --- Gravitational energy. --- Gravitational field. --- Gravitational redshift. --- Gravitational wave. --- Gravitational-wave observatory. --- Gravity. --- Hawking radiation. --- Inner core. --- Kerr metric. --- Kinetic energy. --- LIGO. --- Length contraction. --- Lorentz transformation. --- Magnetic field. --- Mass–energy equivalence. --- Maxwell's equations. --- Metric expansion of space. --- Metric tensor. --- Milky Way. --- Minkowski space. --- Negative energy. --- Neutrino. --- Neutron star. --- Neutron. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- No-hair theorem. --- Nuclear fusion. --- Nuclear reaction. --- Orbit. --- Orbital mechanics. --- Orbital period. --- Penrose process. --- Photon. --- Physicist. --- Primordial black hole. --- Projectile. --- Quantum entanglement. --- Quantum gravity. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Quantum state. --- Quasar. --- Ray (optics). --- Rotational energy. --- Roy Kerr. --- Schwarzschild metric. --- Schwarzschild radius. --- Solar mass. --- Special relativity. --- Star. --- Stellar mass. --- Stephen Hawking. --- Stress–energy tensor. --- String theory. --- Supermassive black hole. --- Temperature. --- Theory of relativity. --- Thought experiment. --- Tidal force. --- Time dilation. --- Wavelength. --- White hole. --- Wormhole.
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The first systematic look at the different strategies that states employ in their pursuit of nuclear weaponsMuch of the work on nuclear proliferation has focused on why states pursue nuclear weapons. The question of how states pursue nuclear weapons has received little attention. 'Seeking the Bomb' is the first book to analyze this topic by examining which strategies of nuclear proliferation are available to aspirants, why aspirants select one strategy over another, and how this matters to international politics.
Nuclear nonproliferation. --- Nuclear arms control. --- Nuclear weapons control --- Arms control --- Nuclear weapons --- Export of nuclear materials --- Export of nuclear technology --- International control of nuclear energy --- Nonproliferation, Nuclear --- Nuclear energy --- Nuclear exports --- Nuclear proliferation --- Proliferation, Nuclear --- Nuclear arms control --- Nuclear-weapon-free zones --- International control --- Polemology --- Nuclear weapons. --- Atomic weapons --- Fusion weapons --- Thermonuclear weapons --- Weapons of mass destruction --- No first use (Nuclear strategy) --- Nuclear disarmament --- Nuclear warfare --- Government policy. --- Abdul Qadeer Khan. --- Agreed Framework. --- Airspace. --- Antenna (radio). --- Atal Bihari Vajpayee. --- Atomic Age. --- Axis of evil. --- Bait and bleed. --- Baruch Plan. --- Beijing. --- Bharat Karnad. --- Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. --- Center for International Security and Cooperation. --- Cold War. --- Commissioner. --- Communist Party of China. --- Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty. --- Disarmament. --- Doublethink. --- Escape velocity. --- Exothermic reaction. --- Experiment. --- Falklands War. --- Flexible response. --- German re-armament. --- Great Satan. --- Igor Kurchatov. --- Intention (criminal law). --- Interim. --- John Mearsheimer. --- Kinetic bombardment. --- Klaus Fuchs. --- Military dictatorship. --- Misinformation. --- Modernity. --- Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. --- Munir Ahmad Khan. --- Nobility. --- North Korean defectors. --- Nuclear Tipping Point. --- Nuclear disarmament. --- Nuclear proliferation. --- Nuclear sharing. --- Nuclear strategy. --- Nuclear umbrella. --- Nuclear warfare. --- Nuclear weapon. --- Operation Barbarossa. --- Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction. --- Pakistanis. --- Paramount leader. --- Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. --- Peaceful nuclear explosion. --- Plutonium. --- Post-Soviet states. --- Qasem Soleimani. --- Quebec Agreement. --- Ramp up. --- Reactor-grade plutonium. --- Ronen Sen. --- Saudis. --- Scott Sagan. --- Security assurance. --- Security studies. --- South Africa and weapons of mass destruction. --- Soviet Empire. --- Spark gap. --- Superiority (short story). --- Supply chain. --- Swedish nuclear weapons program. --- Tacit knowledge. --- Tactical nuclear weapon. --- Taepodong-2. --- The Indian Express. --- The Making of the Atomic Bomb. --- The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. --- Three Non-Nuclear Principles. --- Two-front war. --- NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION --- NUCLEAR WEAPONS --- NUCLEAR ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT
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